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Tombstone
provenance: Frielas. Loures
chronology: Islamic period. 12th Century
typology: Marble tombstone
dimension: height 33.5 cm (13 ⅛ in.) width 51.5 cm (20 ¼ in.) thickness 4.5 cm (1 ¾ in.)
category: Epigraphy
inventory number: E 6877
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White marble tombstone. The rectangular remaining fragment shows the upper part of a tombstone decorated with a relief frame, inside which there is an inscribed arch, also in relief, containing the engraved Arabic inscription in Kufic characters. The inscription’s first line, which is an epitaph, is at the endings of the upper part of the area between the frame and the arch. The remaining text, that is to say the other five lines, is inside the arch. The epigraphic area outlined by the pointed arch has the following dimensions: H: 26cm and W: 36 cm. The presence of an arch is an aesthetic aspect to stand out. This is quite a common decoration element in the peninsular gravestones.
In Portugal, we know other tombstones that show the arch as ornamental element, namely those coming from Lisbon, one from Madragoa and another from Praça da Figueira, both housed in the City Museum/Lisbon and still another one in the Museum of Évora. At the back, it has a thick mortar layer, which confirms its reuse as a plain building material, otherwise a common practice once it was authorized by the kingdom’s laws that, after the demolition of the Muslim cemeteries in the early 16th century, allowed the use of the respective stones for building purposes. Epitaph’s text: "Only God is eternal! It reads: May God have mercy (on who is buried here); Please, you who; Are looking at me, behold; this place for a moment; for him (this place) had to pass away". Translation by A. R. Nykl.
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